NSF Middleware Initiative Draft


Document: HEPKI_CP_011.htm

David Wasley

University of California

Office of the President

(UCOP)

Copyright © 2002 by UCAID and/or the respective authors

 

Comments to: mw-cp-comments@internet2.edu

October 17, 2002

Development of this document was supported with funding from EDUCAUSE, Internet2, and the NSF Middleware Initiative (Cooperative Agreement No. ANI-0123937).

 

 

X.509 Certificate Policy

For The

<institution name>

 

<date>

 

OBJECT IDENTIFIER  _____________________

 

Version 0.011

 

 

 


 

Identification and Validation of this Policy

This Certificate Policy has been assigned the global Object Identifier (OID) shown on the cover page.  A CA MAY NOT SIGN ANY PUBLIC KEY CERTIFICATE OR OTHER DOCUMENT THAT ASSERTS BY REFERENCE TO THIS OID ITS CONFORMANCE TO THIS CERTIFICATE POLICY UNLESS ALL ASPECTS OF ITS MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION CONFORM COMPLETELY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS CONTAINED HEREIN.

Minor modifications will be indicated by a suffix to this OID.  Any significant changes to this policy, as determined by the Policy Management Authority (see Section 1.4.1), will result in a document with a different OID assignment.

This Policy contains definitions for certificate Levels of Assurance (LOA) that have been assigned global Object Identifiers for use in certificate policy and policy mapping extension fields (see Section 1.2).  [TBR: These might be defined in the CPS instead of here.] These are:

"Test" level of assurance

__________________

"Rudimentary" level of assurance

__________________

"Basic" level of assurance

__________________

"Medium" level of assurance

__________________

"High" level of assurance

__________________

 

Minor changes to this policy SHALL NOT change the meaning of these LOA OIDs.  If changes in this policy result in new definitions of the LOA, then new OIDs will be assigned.

A copy of this document SHALL be digitally signed using SHA-1 with RSA encryption and the private key associated with the authority certificate of the CA operating under this policy.  The signed document SHALL be available on-line at the location specified by certificates issued under this policy (see Section 7.1.8).


Table of Contents

1.        INTRODUCTION.. 1

1.1            OVERVIEW    1

1.1.1            Certificate Policy (CP)2

1.1.2            Relationship Between the CP and the CPS  2

1.1.3            Interoperation with CAs External to this Policy Domain  2

1.1.3.1            Relationship Between a Bridge CP and this CP  2

1.2            IDENTIFICATION   2

1.3            COMMUNITY AND APPLICABILITY   3

1.3.1            PKI Authorities. 4

1.3.2            Registration Authorities. 4

1.3.3            End Entities  4

1.3.4            Applicability. 4

1.4            CONTACT DETAILS. 5

1.4.1            Specification administration organization  6

1.4.2            Contact person  6

1.4.3            Person determining Certification Practice Statement suitability for the policy  6

2.        GENERAL PROVISIONS  6

2.1            OBLIGATIONS. 6

2.1.1            CA Obligations. 6

2.1.2            RA Obligations. 7

2.1.3            Subscriber Obligations. 8

2.1.4            Relying Party Obligations. 8

2.1.5            Repository Obligations. 8

2.2            LIABILITY   9

2.2.1            CA Liability. 9

2.2.2            RA Liability. 9

2.3            FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS. 10

2.3.1            Indemnification by Relying Parties and subscribers. 10

2.3.2            Fiduciary relationships  10

2.3.3            Administrative processes. 10

2.4            INTERPRETATION AND ENFORCEMENT  10

2.4.1            Governing Law   10

2.4.2            Severability of Provisions, Survival, Merger, and Notice. 10

2.4.3            Dispute resolution procedures. 10

2.4.4            Section Headings  11

2.5            Fees  11

2.5.1            Certificate issuance or renewal fees  11

2.5.2            Certificate access fees. 11

2.5.3            Revocation or status information access fees. 11

2.5.4            Fees for other services such as policy information. 11

2.5.5            Refund policy. 11

2.6            PUBLICATION AND REPOSITORY   11

2.6.1            Publication of CA Information. 11

2.6.2            Frequency of Publication. 12

2.6.3            Access controls  12

2.6.4            Repositories  12

2.7            COMPLIANCE AUDIT  12

2.7.1            Frequency of Compliance Audit13

2.7.2            Identity/Qualifications of Compliance Auditor13

2.7.3            Compliance Auditor's Relationship to Audited Party  13

2.7.4            Topics Covered by Compliance Audit13

2.7.5            Actions taken as a result of deficiency. 13

2.7.6            Communication of Result14

2.8            CONFIDENTIALITY   14

2.8.1            Types of information to be kept confidential14

2.8.2            Types of information not considered confidential14

2.8.3            Disclosure of certificate revocation information. 14

2.8.4            Release to law enforcement officials  15

2.8.5            Release as part of civil discovery  15

2.8.6            Disclosure upon Subscriber's request15

2.8.7            Other information release circumstances  15

2.9            INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS  15

3.        IDENTIFICATION AND AUTHENTICATION.. 15

3.1            INITIAL REGISTRATION   15

3.1.1            Types of names  16

3.1.2            Need for names to be meaningful16

3.1.3            Rules for interpreting various name forms. 17

3.1.4            Uniqueness of names  17

3.1.5            Name claim dispute resolution procedure. 17

3.1.6            Recognition, authentication and role of trademarks. 17

3.1.7            Method to prove possession of private key  18

3.1.8            Authentication of organization identity  18

3.1.9            Authentication of Individual Identity  18

3.1.10           Authentication of Component Identities  20

3.2            CERTIFICATE RENEWAL, UPDATE, AND ROUTINE RE‑KEY   21

3.2.1            Certificate Re-key  21

3.2.2            Certificate Renewal22

3.2.3            Certificate Update  22

3.3            OBTAINING A NEW CERTIFICATE AFTER REVOCATION   23

3.4            REVOCATION REQUEST. 23

4.        OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS. 23

4.1            APPLICATION FOR A CERTIFICATE  23

4.1.1            Delivery of public key for certificate issuance  23

4.2            CERTIFICATE ISSUANCE. 24

4.2.1            Delivery of Subscriber's private key to Subscriber24

4.3            CERTIFICATE ACCEPTANCE  24

4.4            CERTIFICATE SUSPENSION AND REVOCATION   25

4.4.1            Circumstances for revocation of a certificate  25

4.4.2            Who can request revocation of a certificate  25

4.4.3            Procedure for revocation request26

4.4.4            Revocation Request Grace Period  26

4.4.5            Suspension  26

4.4.6            Who can request suspension. 27

4.4.7            Procedure for suspension request27

4.4.8            Limits on suspension period  27

4.4.9            Certificate Authority Revocation Lists / Certificate Revocation Lists  27

4.4.9.1            CARL/CRL Issuance Frequency  27

4.4.10           CARL/CRL Checking requirements  28

4.4.11           On-line Revocation / Status checking availability  28

4.4.12           On-line revocation checking requirements  28

4.4.13           Other forms of revocation advertisements available  28

4.4.14           Checking requirements for other forms of revocation advertisements  28

4.4.15           Special requirements related to key compromise  28

4.5            SECURITY AUDIT PROCEDURE  28

4.5.1            Types of Events Recorded  28

4.5.2            Frequency of processing data  35

4.5.3            Retention period for security audit data  36

4.5.4            Protection of security audit data  36

4.5.5            Security Audit data backup procedures. 36

4.5.6            Security Audit collection system (internal vs. external)36

4.5.7            Notification to event-causing subject36

4.5.8            Vulnerability Assessments  36

4.6            RECORDS ARCHIVAL. 37

4.6.1            Types of events archived  37

4.6.2            Retention period for archive  38

4.6.3            Protection of archive  38

4.6.4            Archive backup procedures. 38

4.6.5            Requirements for time-stamping of records  38

4.6.6            Archive collection system (internal or external)39

4.6.7            Procedures to obtain and verify archive information. 39

4.7            KEY CHANGEOVER   39

4.8            COMPROMISE AND DISASTER RECOVERY   39

4.8.1            Computing resources, software, and/or data are corrupted  39

4.8.2            CA signature keys are revoked  40

4.8.3            CA signature keys are compromised  40

4.8.4            Secure Facility Impaired after a Disaster40

4.9            CA TERMINATION   41

5.        PHYSICAL, PROCEDURAL AND PERSONNEL SECURITY CONTROLS  41

5.1            PHYSICAL CONTROLS FOR THE CA OR AUTHORIZED CA   41

5.1.1            Site location and construction  41

5.1.2            Physical access  41

5.1.3            Electrical Power42

5.1.4            Water Exposures. 42

5.1.5            Fire Prevention and Protection. 43

5.1.6            Media Storage  43

5.1.7            Waste Disposal43

5.1.8            Off-Site Backup  43

5.2            PROCEDURAL CONTROLS FOR THE CA   43

5.2.1            Trusted Roles. 43

5.2.1.1            Administrator43

5.2.1.2            Officer44

5.2.1.3            Auditor44

5.2.1.4            Operator44

5.2.1.5            Separation of Roles  44

5.2.2            Number of Persons Required Per Task  45

5.2.3            Identification and Authentication for Each Role  45

5.3            PERSONNEL CONTROLS  46

5.3.1            Background, Qualifications, Experience, and Security Clearance Requirements  46

5.3.2            Background Check Procedures. 46

5.3.3            Training Requirements  46

5.3.4            Retraining Frequency and Requirements  46

5.3.5            Job Rotation Frequency and Sequence  47

5.3.6            Sanctions for Unauthorized Actions. 47

5.3.7            Contracting Personnel Requirements  47

5.3.8            Documentation Supplied to Personnel47

6.        TECHNICAL SECURITY CONTROLS  47

6.1            KEY PAIR GENERATION AND INSTALLATION   47

6.1.1            Key Pair Generation by the CA   47

6.1.2            Private Key Delivery to Subscriber47

6.1.3            Public Key Delivery to Certificate Issuer48

6.1.4            CA Public Key Availability. 48

6.1.5            Key Sizes  48

6.1.6            Public Key Parameters Generation. 49

6.1.7            Parameter Quality Checking  49

6.1.8            Hardware/Software Subscriber Key Pair Generation. 49

6.1.9            Key Usage Purposes (as per X.509 v3 Key Usage Field)49

6.2            PRIVATE KEY PROTECTION   50

6.2.1            Standards for Cryptographic Module. 50

6.2.2            CA Private Key Multi-Person Control51

6.2.3            Key Escrow of CA Private Signature Key  51

6.2.3.1            Escrow of End-Entity Decryption Keys  51

6.2.4            Private Key Backup  52

6.2.4.1            Backup of CA Private Signature Key  52

6.2.4.2            Backup of End-Entity Private Signature Key  52

6.2.5            Private Key Archival52

6.2.6            Private Key Entry into Cryptographic Module. 52

6.2.7            Method of Activating Private Keys  52

6.2.8            Methods of Deactivating Private Keys  52

6.2.9            Method of Destroying Subscriber Private Signature Keys  53

6.3            OTHER ASPECTS OF KEY-PAIR MANAGEMENT  53

6.3.1            Public Key Archival53

6.3.2            Usage Periods for the Public and Private Keys  53

6.4            ACTIVATION DATA   53

6.4.1            Activation Data Generation and Installation. 53

6.4.2            Activation Data Protection. 54

6.4.3            Other Aspects of Activation Data  54

6.5            COMPUTER SECURITY CONTROLS  54

6.5.1            Specific Computer Security Technical Requirements  54

6.5.2            Computer Security Rating  55

6.6            LIFE-CYCLE TECHNICAL CONTROLS  55

6.6.1            System Development Controls. 55

6.6.2            Security Management Controls. 55

6.6.3            Life Cycle Security Ratings  56

6.7            NETWORK SECURITY CONTROLS  56

6.8            CRYPTOGRAPHIC MODULE ENGINEERING CONTROLS  56

7.        CERTIFICATE AND CARL/CRL PROFILES. 56

7.1            CERTIFICATE PROFILE. 56

7.1.1            Version Numbers  56

7.1.2            Certificate Extensions. 56

7.1.3            Algorithm Object Identifiers. 57

7.1.4            Name forms  57

7.1.5            Name constraints. 57

7.1.6            Certificate policy object identifier58

7.1.7            Usage of Policy Constraints extension  58

7.1.8            Policy qualifiers syntax and semantics  58

7.1.9            Processing semantics for the critical certificate policy extension  58

7.1.10           Certificate Serial Numbers  58

7.2            CARL/CRL PROFILE. 58

7.2.1            Version numbers  58

7.2.2            CARL and CRL entry extensions. 58

7.2.3            OCSP Services  58

8.        SPECIFICATION ADMINISTRATION.. 59

8.1            SPECIFICATION CHANGE PROCEDURES  59

8.2            PUBLICATION AND NOTIFICATION POLICIES. 59

8.2.1            Amendments Generally  59

8.2.2            Urgent Amendments Exception  59

8.2.3            Assent to Amendments  59

8.2.4            Maintenance of Prior Versions  59

8.3            CPS APPROVAL PROCEDURES  60

8.4            WAIVERS  60

9.        BIBLIOGRAPHY61

10.      GLOSSARY63

11.      ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS75

12.      CONTACT INFORMATION75

 


RECORD OF CHANGES

 

CHANGE NUMBER

DATE OF CHANGE

DATE RECEIVED

DATE ENTERED

SIGNATURE OF PERSON ENTERING CHANGE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


1.     INTRODUCTION

This Certificate Policy (CP) statement defines the terms and conditions under which a Certificate Authority (CA) that issues Public Key Certificates (PKC) that reference the policy object identifier (OID) for this CP MUST operate.  Operation includes management of the PKCs it issues and management of its own infrastructure.  The term "issues" in this context refers to the process of digitally signing with the private key associated with its authority certificate a structured digital object conforming to the ISO X.509, version 3 or compatible PKC format.

One or more companion Certification Practice Statement(s) (CPS) MUST be defined for each CA operating under this CP.  Such a statement MUST articulate how the CA implements the provisions of this policy.

The CA MAY be stand-alone or it MAY be part of a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) hierarchy.  In the latter case, any CA for which this CA signs an authority certificate MUST adopt this CP or one that is consistent with all of the requirements of this CP as determined by the Policy Management Authority for this CA.

This CP is structured in accordance with RFC 2527 [1].  Within this document the words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", "OPTIONAL" are to be interpreted as in RFC 2119 [2].

1.1      OVERVIEW

This CP defines a set of requirements that helps to determine the viability and applicability of a PKC issued by a conforming CA to its community of users, subject entities, and/or class of applications.

This CP MAY be used by a PKC Relying Party to help in deciding whether a certificate and the information therein and the binding of that information to the Subject are sufficiently trustworthy for a particular application.

Any PKC issued by a CA MUST contain a valid reference to the applicable CP.  This CP may be referenced only if the CA is in compliance with all aspects of this CP.

Each CA MUST make available its own CPS(s) in order to provide information to potential clients of the CA and Relying Parties about the underlying technical, procedural and legal foundations which are not otherwise specified in this policy. 

A CA MAY delegate any of its responsibilities under this CP to another Person, provided the CA remains responsible for conformance with all provisions of this CP and associated CPS(s).

By relying on information contained in a PKC issued by this CA, the Relying Party is agreeing with the provisions and stipulations of this CP and the associated CPS under which the PKC was issued.

1.1.1       Certificate Policy (CP)

Any CA that intends to refer to this CP in a PKC that it issues MUST digitally sign a copy of this document, using SHA-1 with RSA encryption and its primary PKC signing key, and make the signed copy available on-line as specified in Section 1.2.

1.1.2       Relationship Between the CP and the CPS

This CP states what assurance can be placed in a certificate issued by the CA.  The associated CPS states how the CA establishes that assurance.

1.1.3       Interoperation with CAs External to this Policy Domain

The CA MAY issue a cross-certification PKC to an unrelated CA but only after PMA review of the other CA’s CP and a mutually agreed upon mapping of the Levels of Assurance as defined by this CP and the other CA’s CP.  Such agreement MUST take into account all of the relevant requirements and conditions of use as specified in the two CPs.  The mapping of Levels of Assurance between this CP and the other CA CP SHALL be specified in the PolicyMappings fields of the cross-certification PKC.

The BasicConstraints fields in any cross-certification PKC SHOULD be set to constrain resulting trust paths to no more levels than can be warranted by the PMA.  The BasicConstraints fields in any cross-certification PKC also SHOULD be set to constrain naming in any PKCs issued by the certified CA to that which the PMA deems acceptable.

The CA MAY accept a cross-certification PKC from an unrelated Certificate Authority provided that the Subject name and public key in that PKC are identical to those in the CA’s authority PKC.

1.1.3.1            Relationship Between a Bridge CP and this CP

The CA SHALL NOT issue a cross-certification PKC to a Bridge CA unless the conditions in section 1.1.3 are met.  In addition, operation of the Bridge CA with respect to additional cross-certifications MUST be consistent with all of the relevant requirements and conditions specified in this CP for the Levels of Assurance included in the cross-certification PKC PolicyMappings fields.  The PMA is responsible for reviewing the operation of any such Bridge CA and ensuring that such mapping is appropriate.

1.2      IDENTIFICATION 

Each PKC issued by the CA MUST reference an Object Identifier (OID) that identifies this CP document.  The PKC MUST also include an OID indicating the Level of Assurance (LOA) that applies to that PKC.  How this is to be achieved is described in the remainder of this section with further detail elsewhere in this CP.

The base of the Object Identifier (OID) MUST be registered under the ANSI (or equivalent) arc.  Sub-arcs SHALL be defined for both this CP itself and for the different LOAs defined by this CP.  OIDs also SHOULD be assigned to all associated CPSs referencing this CP.

When referencing this CP as governing a PKC, the OID given on the cover page SHALL be used in addition to any textual description.  If this CP is changed in any substantive way, a new CP OID SHALL be assigned for the new version.

There are five LOAs covered by this CP as defined in subsequent sections.  It is the intent of this CP for these LOAs to map directly to the Federal PKI (FPKI) Policy Authority LOAs.

The LOA asserted in any PKC issued by the CA SHALL be indicated by the OID in the CertPolicyID field in the PKC.  The LOA OIDs for this CP are defined on the first page.  The LOA OIDs SHOULD be defined under a general LOA sub-arc as follows:

Test ::= { LOA 1 }

Rudimentary ::= { LOA 2 }

Basic ::= { LOA 3 }

Medium ::= { LOA 4 }

High ::= { LOA 5 }

The CPSuri extension field in a PKC asserting one of these LOAs MUST point to an on-line copy of the CPS that implements that LOA, digitally signed as specified in Section 1.1.1.  That CPS in turn MUST identify explicitly by an appropriate OID the CP to which it is conforming and specify how a Relying Party may obtain a copy of that CP.  It SHOULD also include a URI pointing to an on-line, digitally signed copy of that CP.

Subsequent revisions of this CP SHALL have a new OID assignment under the same OID arc.  Minor revisions MAY be indicated by a suffix appended to the OID given on the cover page to this CP.  The Level of Assurance (LOA) identifiers represent abstractions and SHALL remain the same unless or until new LOAs are required.

1.3      COMMUNITY AND APPLICABILITY

The CA MUST include in any CPS a definition of the Communities to which the CA will issue a PKC.  The CA SHOULD NOT issue a PKC to any Person or other entity that is not included in one of the Communities.  A Relying Party SHOULD NOT assume that the holder of a PKC issued by this CA has any particular relationship to any of the communities defined in the CPS unless explicitly stated in the CPS that such an assumption is w